diff --git a/internal/e/err.go b/internal/e/err.go
index 44204e0..9129d57 100644
--- a/internal/e/err.go
+++ b/internal/e/err.go
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 package e
 
+import "errors"
+
 type Status int
 
 func (code Status) String() string {
@@ -9,3 +11,7 @@ func (code Status) String() string {
 	}
 	return msgText[InternalError]
 }
+
+func (code Status) AsError() error {
+	return errors.New(code.String())
+}
diff --git a/internal/service/runner/common.go b/internal/service/runner/common.go
index 378186f..942332b 100644
--- a/internal/service/runner/common.go
+++ b/internal/service/runner/common.go
@@ -55,6 +55,20 @@ func (s *service) checkAndExecute(version uint, user string, lang string, script
 	return e.Success
 }
 
+func (s *service) check(version uint, user string, lang string) e.Status {
+	if !s.ProblemExists(version) {
+		s.log.Info("problem not exists", zap.Uint("version", version))
+		return e.RunnerProblemNotExist
+	}
+
+	if !s.userExists(user, fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", user, lang)) {
+		s.log.Info("user program not exists", zap.String("user", user), zap.String("lang", lang))
+		return e.RunnerUserNotExist
+	}
+
+	return e.Success
+}
+
 func (s *service) ProblemExists(version uint) bool {
 	problemPath := filepath.Join(ProblemDir, fmt.Sprintf("%d", version))
 	return file.Exist(problemPath)
diff --git a/internal/service/runner/compile.go b/internal/service/runner/compile.go
index 6b794d1..e787283 100644
--- a/internal/service/runner/compile.go
+++ b/internal/service/runner/compile.go
@@ -5,18 +5,112 @@ import (
 	"git.0x7f.app/WOJ/woj-server/internal/e"
 	"git.0x7f.app/WOJ/woj-server/pkg/file"
 	"git.0x7f.app/WOJ/woj-server/pkg/utils"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"time"
 )
 
+func (s *service) getProblemScript(version uint, lang string) (string, e.Status) {
+	config, err := s.ParseConfig(version, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", e.RunnerProblemParseFailed
+	}
+
+	var script string
+	for _, l := range config.Languages {
+		if l.Lang == lang {
+			if l.Type == "default" {
+				script = "/woj/framework/template/default/" + lang + ".Makefile"
+			} else {
+				script = "/woj/problem/judge/" + l.Script
+			}
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	if script == "" {
+		return "", e.RunnerProblemParseFailed
+	}
+	return script, e.Success
+}
+
 func (s *service) Compile(version uint, user string, lang string) (JudgeStatus, e.Status) {
-	target := filepath.Join(UserDir, user, fmt.Sprintf("%s.out", user))
+	// 1. ensure problem/user exists
+	status := s.check(version, user, lang)
+	if status != e.Success {
+		return JudgeStatus{Message: "check failed"}, status
+	}
 
-	_ = os.Remove(target)
-	status := s.checkAndExecute(version, user, lang, "problem_compile.sh", e.RunnerUserCompileFailed)
+	// 2. prepare judge environment
+	workDir := filepath.Join(UserDir, user)
+	judgeDir := filepath.Join(ProblemDir, fmt.Sprintf("%d", version), "judge")
 
-	log := filepath.Join(UserDir, user, fmt.Sprintf("%s.compile.log", user))
-	msg, err := file.FileRead(log)
+	sourceFile := filepath.Join(workDir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", user, lang))
+	boxSourceFile := filepath.Join("/woj/problem/user", fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s", user, lang))
+
+	targetFile := filepath.Join(workDir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.out", user))
+	boxTargetFile := filepath.Join("/woj/problem/user", fmt.Sprintf("%s.out", user))
+
+	logFile := filepath.Join(workDir, fmt.Sprintf("%s.compile.log", user))
+	log, err := os.Create(logFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return JudgeStatus{Message: "create log file failed"}, e.RunnerUserCompileFailed
+	}
+	defer func(log *os.File) {
+		_ = log.Close()
+	}(log)
+
+	// 3. compile
+	err = utils.NewMust().
+		Do(func() error {
+			_ = os.Remove(targetFile)
+			return nil
+		}).
+		Do(func() error { return file.TouchErr(targetFile) }).
+		Do(func() error {
+			script, err := s.getProblemScript(version, lang)
+			if err != e.Success {
+				return err.AsError()
+			}
+
+			args := []string{
+				"-v", judgeDir + ":/woj/problem/judge:ro",
+				"-v", sourceFile + ":" + boxSourceFile + ":ro",
+				"-v", targetFile + ":" + boxTargetFile,
+				"-e", fmt.Sprintf("USER_PROG=%s", user),
+				"-e", fmt.Sprintf("LANG=%s", lang),
+				"git.0x7f.app/woj/ubuntu-full:latest",
+				"sh", "-c", fmt.Sprintf("cd /woj/problem/user && make -f %s compile", script),
+			}
+
+			runArgs := &podmanArgs{
+				executeArgs: executeArgs{
+					args:    args,
+					timeout: 60 * time.Second,
+					output:  log,
+				},
+				memory: "256m",
+			}
+
+			return s.podmanRun(runArgs)
+		}).
+		Done()
+
+	if err != nil {
+		s.log.Info("compile failed",
+			zap.Error(err),
+			zap.Uint("version", version),
+			zap.String("user", user),
+			zap.String("lang", lang),
+		)
+		status = e.RunnerUserCompileFailed
+	}
+
+	// 4. read log
+	_, _ = log.Seek(0, io.SeekStart)
+	msg, err := io.ReadAll(log)
 	msg = utils.If(err == nil, msg, nil)
 	msgText := string(msg)
 
diff --git a/resource/runner/scripts/problem_compile.sh b/resource/runner/scripts/problem_compile.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index ab06937..0000000
--- a/resource/runner/scripts/problem_compile.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-WORKSPACE=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")"/.. && pwd)
-. "$WORKSPACE"/scripts/common.sh
-. "$WORKSPACE"/scripts/docker_run.sh
-. "$WORKSPACE"/scripts/problem.sh
-
-if [ "$1" == "" ] || [ ! -d "$WORKSPACE/problem/$1" ] || [ "$2" == "" ] || [ ! -d "$WORKSPACE/user/$2" ] || [ -z "$3" ]; then
-    log_warn "Usage: $0 <problem> <user_dir> <language> <timeout>"
-    exit 1
-fi
-
-get_problem_info "$WORKSPACE" "$1" "$3"
-
-SRC_FILE="$WORKSPACE"/user/"$2"/"$2"."$3"
-EXE_FILE="$WORKSPACE"/user/"$2"/"$2".out
-export LOG_FILE="$WORKSPACE"/user/"$2"/"$2".compile.log
-
-rm -f "$EXE_FILE" && touch "$EXE_FILE"
-
-export TIMEOUT=${4:-60}
-docker_run \
-    -v "$WORKSPACE"/problem/"$1"/judge:/woj/problem/judge:ro \
-    -v "$SRC_FILE":/woj/problem/user/"$2"."$3":ro \
-    -v "$EXE_FILE":/woj/problem/user/"$2".out \
-    -e USER_PROG="$2" \
-    -e LANG="$3" \
-    git.0x7f.app/woj/ubuntu-full \
-    sh -c \
-    "cd /woj/problem/user && make -f $Info_Script compile"